Contents of the issue:
The full text of the article is available in the free scientific digital library E-library.ru (https://elibrary.ru/contents.asp?titleid=63811)
Petr Vrublevskij
TRAINING OF EXPERT PERSONNEL AS A KEY FACTOR IN THE EFFECTIVENESS OF FORENSIC ACTIVITIES
The organization of training and education in educational programs of additional education for adults who intend to carry out (carry out) forensic activities is one of the tasks of the State Forensic Examinations Committee of the Republic of Belarus. Professional training of expert personnel is an important component of forensic activities. The effectiveness of the work of law enforcement agencies in the prevention, suppression and detection of crimes largely depends on its level. The article notes the main stages of the formation of the State Educational Institution «Institute for Advanced Studies and Retraining of Personnel of the State Forensic Examinations Committee of the Republic of Belarus», outlines modern approaches to training specialists and the main promising areas of the institution's activities.
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The full text of the article is available in the free scientific digital library E-library.ru (https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=54712622)
Vera Veremejchik, Yury Volоkh
INTEGRATED USE OF THE POSSIBILITIES OF FORENSIC GENETIC EXAMINATION AND ACCOUNTING OF DNA DATA IN IDENTIFICATION OF UNIDENTIFIED CORPSES
In the work, the authors analyzed the experience of foreign countries (on the example of China, Great Britain, the USA, a number of European countries) in the formation and maintenance of national DNA databases, considered the use of the possibilities of forensic accounting of human genetic characteristics to solve the problems facing the investigating authorities. Information on the creation of the national forensic DNA database in the Republic of Belarus, its content and functioning at the modern stage of development of forensic genetic examination, including the identifi cation of unidentifi ed corpses is provided. The authors proposed ways to increase the effi ciency of using DNA records in the search for missing persons: the more in-depth research is carried out at the initial stages of identifi cation of unidentifi ed corpses, the more reliable information can be obtained by comparing the established genotype with the information contained in the DNA database..
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The full text of the article is available in the free scientific digital library E-library.ru (https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=54712623)
Janna Gordeeva, Viktor Zvyagin
STUDY OF BONE DENSITY ZONE STRUCTURE IN HUMAN JAW IN THE FIELD OF PERSONALITY IDENTIFICATION
Digital images of postmortem x-rays of lower jaws and their fragments (n = 100) obtained by transforming the digitized x-rays by scanning the x-rays using the program Trophy 2000 have been analyzed. The bone density of the body of lower jaw after tooth fracture or loss with its gradation to high, medium and low, as well as measuring areas using the program ImageJ 1.46 has been estimated. Certain changes in bone density after injuries of the mandible bone and tooth extraction at different ages including in persons with connective tissue dysplasia have been found. These criteria can serve as additional identification signs of personality identification when comparing lifetime and post-mortem radiographs.
The full text of the article is available in the free scientific digital library E-library.ru (https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=54712624)
Alina Rabtseva, Alexandra Grebenchuk, Konstantin Stavrovskij
FORMATION OF A NEW EXPERT DIRECTION IN THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS – THE FORENSIC EXAMINATION OF OBJECTS OF ANIMAL ORIGIN
Illegal actions in relation to environmental safety and wildlife cover a wide range of off enses: illegal hunting, trade in endangered species, fraud with the composition and true origin of meat and its products, theft of animals, cruelty to animals, etc. The authors of the article analyze the possibilities of forensic examination of objects of animal origin, including the study of animal DNA, integrated in the State Forensic Examination Committee of the Republic of Belarus since January 2018.
The full text of the article is available in the free scientific digital library E-library.ru (https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=54712625)
Rоman Arsionov, Evgenija Vasiljeva, Viktoryja Vorobjova, Vladimir Grushevskij, Darja Danilova, Yurij Kovel, Aleksandr Lomonosov, Mikhail Stepaniuk
DETERMINATION OF GUNSHOT RESIDUE FROM A SMOOTHBORE HUNTING GUN 12 CALIBER BY SEM-EDX AND GC-MS METHODS
The authors analyzed model samples containing gunshot residue obtained as a result of experimental shooting. The samples were studied using the method of scanning electron microscopy with X-ray spectral microanalysis and using an experimental technique for determining trace amounts of organic components in gunshot residue on the hands and clothes of the inspected persons by chromato-mass spectrometry. The results of the study are presented in the article.
The full text of the article is available in the free scientific digital library E-library.ru (https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=54712626)
Sergey Pozniak
SOME ASPECTS OF MONITORING OF NITROGENCONTAINING COMPOUNDS IN THE SOIL DURING FORENSIC ECOLOGICAL AND SOIL EXAMINATIONS
The author, based on the practice of conducting forensic ecological and soil examinations, considers some aspects of monitoring nitrogen-containing compounds in the soil from the point of view of applying the existing regulatory legal framework to determine the degree of contamination of lands (including soils) with chemicals. The opinion is expressed that the existing practice of monitoring in the fi eld of environmental protection in terms of identifying violations of the norms for the content of ammonium nitrogen in soils and holding nature users accountable is imperfect. Methodological approaches to determine the degree of soil contamination with nitrogen-containing compounds, providing for the mandatory instrumental study of the content of all forms of mineral nitrogen, including ammonium nitrogen are proposed.
The full text of the article is available in the free scientific digital library E-library.ru (https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=54712627)
Mikhail Grachev, Vasily Yumatov
CURRENT ASPECTS OF THE STUDY OF MODERN DRUG SLANG
The subject of the research in the article is the slang of modern drug addicts and drug dealers, collected directly by the authors using the methods of questioning, interviewing, direct observation of speech. The relevance lies in the analysis of a large linguistic layer of the subculture in a practical plane. It is noted that the features of the speech behavior of drug addicts are manifested not only at the lexical, but also at the grammatical level, the tattoos of drug addicts are described from a linguistic point of view. It is indicated that the study and analysis of the slang of drug addicts will expand knowledge about the social variants of the Russian language, the linguistic personality of a drug addict, the results of the study can be used in further study of the characteristics of the speech of drug addicts in order to create a system for determining drug addiction and conducting forensic examinations.
The full text of the article is available in the free scientific digital library E-library.ru https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=54712628
Artem Martynov
FORMS OF USING SPECIAL KNOWLEDGE IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF OPERATIONAL-SEARCH ACTIVITY
Based on the study of the practice of operational units of the internal aff airs bodies, the author singled out the most commonly used forms of participation of a specialist in operational-search activity. The features of their use in the implementation of operational-search activity are disclosed and recommendations for their use in the practice of operational units of internal aff airs bodies are formulated. Attention is drawn to the fact that achieving the maximum eff ect from the use of forms of participation of a specialist in operational-search activity is possible with their complex, mutual application. The author substantiates the thesis that the participation of a specialist in operational-search activities is not an independent form of using special knowledge.
The full text of the article is available in the free scientific digital library E-library.ru (https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=54712629)
Aleksey Lutsevich, Andrey Krylov, Sergej Polukoshko, Natalia Golubeva
CONNECTIVE TISSUE DYSPLASIA AS A TRIGGER CAUSE OF DEATH IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS (A CASE FROM EXPERT PRACTICE
The article is devoted to the issue of connective tissue dysplasia, since this syndrome unites a large group of hereditary diseases, which are based on an anomaly or lack of collagen synthesis, leading to inferiority of the ligamentous apparatus,valves and chords of the heart, skin, skeleton, vascular wall and other stromal formations, often combined with the inferiority of hematopoiesis, immunity and hemostasis, which in turn can cause sudden death in children and adolescents..
The full text of the article is available in the free scientific digital library E-library.ru (https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=54712630)
Maria Telkova-Yatsevich, Irina Evstafieva
SMALL INTESTINE DIVERTICULOSIS AS A CAUSE OF DEATH IN ADOLESCENCE (A CASE FROM PRACTICE
The problem of untimely and sudden death of children, as well as young people of working age, is one of the most important social problems around the world. The article describes a rare case of death of a teenage child from the syndrome of connective tissue dysplasia, namely, complicated diverticulosis of the small intestine. Literature data on the possible causes, morphological and clinical manifestations of this disease are given, clinical, morphological criteria are indicated and correlated, and pathogenetic chains that can be used for the competent construction and substantiation of a forensic medical diagnosis are established.
The full text of the article is available in the free scientific digital library E-library.ru (https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=54712631)
Vitaliy Bondaruk, Viktor Berezuck
EXPERT INSPECTION OF FIRE SITES ASSOCIATED WITH ARSON OF CARS
Currently, the number of off enses related to vehicles has increased, there has been an increase in crimes aimed at the deliberate destruction of vehicles by arson. To restore the picture of the event and to establish the causes of the fi re, a timely and high-quality inspection of the scene of the incident is of paramount importance. The article discusses common cases of car arson using combustion initiators. The necessity of a thorough inspections of the scenes of incidents for the presence of means of arson and (or) their remains, which may be related to the committed act, is substantiated. The main places of accumulation of fl ammable and combustible liquids in the case of their application to the car body are indicated, the method of removing combustion initiators is described.
The full text of the article is available in the free scientific digital library E-library.ru (https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=54712632)
Alexander Babuk
FORENSIC LINGUISTIC EXAMINATION IN SLANDER CASES IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES
The article discusses some aspects of conducting a forensic linguistic examination in slander cases in foreign countries. The author substantiates the position that slander is a defamatory deliberately false statement disseminated in order to discredit the honor and dignity of a person and to undermine his reputation. Based on various examples from the expert practice of forensic linguistic examination in foreign countries, the author shows how various linguistic techniques in slanderous statements are used by the speaker as tools of speech to infl uence on the addressee in mass media and online communications with the intention of discrediting the subject of the speech.
The full text of the article is available in the free scientific digital library E-library.ru (https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=54712633)
