issue 1 (22) / 2026

Contents of the issue:

The full text of the article is available in the https://elibrary.ru/contents.asp?titleid=63811

Artem Matuizo, Diana Zholudeva, Natalia Arkhireeva, Miroslava Tishkevich

THE ROLE OF MEDIA STRATEGY OF BELARUSIAN SECURITY FORCES IN THE DIGITAL  AGE: A CASE STUDY OF THE STATE FORENSIC EXAMINATION COMMITTEE

The article examines the transformation of communication activities of security forces of the Republic of Belarus in the context of digitalization of society. The authors analyze the role of media relations departments in forming the personnel potential of law enforcement agencies through creating a positive image of the profession in social networks. Based on statistical data from Digital 2026 and Mediameter, a steady trend of declining television viewership among young people and growing content consumption on digital platforms has been identified. The strategic necessity for security forces to maintain two types of social media accounts – informal and official – for effective coverage of various target audiences is substantiated. Special attention is paid to countering disinformation and fake news as the most important direction of information policy. It is concluded that a well-thought-out media strategy becomes not just a tool of popularization, but an effective mechanism for strengthening the national and personnel security of the state.

The full text of the article is available in the https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=89318123

Anna Boyarina

ORGANIZATIONAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF FORENSIC EXPERT ACTIVITY

The article describes an approach which suggests to consider evaluation of the effectiveness of forensic expert activity as a sequential, structured, and reproducible system of actions. The content of the evaluation stages is elaborated, including the formation of an information base, structuring and classification of data on forensic expert activity, analytical evaluation based on certain criteria, the development of managerial decisions, and further monitoring of their effectiveness in the forensic sphere. It is shown that the content of these stages is determined by the specific nature of forensic expert activity. The refusal to use an integral efficiency coefficient is substantiated in favor of a differentiated assessment for each individual criterion, since not all criteria are amenable to formalization. The article concludes that the proposed approach ensures a thorough and comprehensive diagnosis of the effectiveness of forensic expert activity and is aimed at enhancing the validity and practical applicability of managerial decisions in this sphere.

The full text of the article is available in the https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=89318124

Valerij Volosjuk

DIRECTIONS FOR IMPROVING INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION OF THE CIS MEMBER STATES IN COMBATING THEFT OF VEHICLES

This article explores the history of the formation and development of international cooperation in combating crime, using the example of interactions between the state law enforcement agencies within the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) on combating vehicle theft and ensuring their return. An analysis of the current legal and regulatory framework and the special international treaties on this area of law enforcement activity in combating criminal auto trafficking is provided. The analysis of current practices demonstrates the insufficient effectiveness of the existing legislative framework. In order to fulfill the international obligations of the Republic of Belarus, there are made suggestions to improve the international legal framework for cooperation between the CIS member states in combating vehicle theft.

The full text of the article is available in the https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=89318125

Kirill Shved, Diana Zholudeva

POROSCOPY AND EDGEOSCOPY IN FORENSIC FINGERPRINT EXAMINATION

The authors conducted a series of experiments to assess the influence of various factors on the distortion of microscopic attributes in fingerprints, as well as to test the hypothesis for the probability of a distorted display in the trace of microscopic attributes. The article highlights the importance of microscopic attributes reflected in fingerprints and their capability to achieve a positive result of comparative research in relation to poorly informative objects of fingerprint examination. The main provisions of the methodological recommendations developed by the authors on the use of poroscopic and edgeoscopic examination methods in forensic fingerprint examination are presented, which were approved and approved for use in conducting forensic examinations (research), and also recommended for use in the educational process as a teaching material by the Interdepartmental Scientific and Methodological Council in the field of forensic expertise.

The full text of the article is available in the https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=89318126

Vladimir Semyonov

ANALYSIS OF THE EXPERT CASE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL CRITERIA ASSESSMENT OF HELPLESS STATE IN THE VICTIM OF A VIOLENT CRIME RELATED TO CAUSING SYSTEMATIC BODILY INJURY

The article examines the practical experience of using a criterion approach for psychological expert assessment of helpless state in relation to violent socially dangerous acts related to the systematic infliction of bodily harm on a minor victim. The problem of definition of legal concepts relating to helpless state in the criminal law of the Republic of Belarus has been indicated by an example of its private and general types. Legal grounds of the forensic psychological expert assessment of helpless state in a minor victim who has been subjected to torture are described. The article formulates the subject of a forensic psychological examination of helpless state conducted in criminal cases of torture. Additional results of the case law of an expert psychological study helpless state in a minor victim who has been subjected to long-term and systematic torture by his father are presented. The article also describes the algorithm of substantiation of expert conclusion on existence of helpless state in the minor victim from the illegal actions mentioned above.

The full text of the article is available in the https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=89318127

Viachaslau Siamionau, Olga Yudina

SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH AT A YOUNG AGE: MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE MYOCARDIUM

Sudden Unexpected Natural Death at a young age is one of the most significant interdisciplinary issues in modern medical science and has enormous socio-economic repercussion. The circumstances of its occurrence and the features of thanatogenesis – suddenness and rapid pace of dying do not allow law enforcement agencies, and in some cases the relatives of the deceased (especially at a young age), to except a violent death, which at the legislative level provides for the appointment and conduct of a forensic medical examination. Analysis and systematization of data from foreign and domestic studies allows us to conclude that the dominant proportion (70-80 %) of cases of sudden death is caused by diseases of the cardiovascular system, referred to in scientific publications as sudden cardiac death. Thorough autopsy, histological and chemical-toxicological examinations in 30-40 % of cases of SCD at a young age (< 45 years) do not reveal critical structural pathology of the heart and its vessels or toxic agents that caused the fatal outcome and, therefore, Sudden Arrhythmic Death Syndrome (SADS), or Sudden Adult Death Syndrome, cannot be ruled out as the cause of death. This article presents the findings of a retrospective analysis of forensic medical examinations of corpses in cases of sudden cardiac death. The issue of the study was to identify morphological features of myocardium in individuals who died suddenly from cardiac arrest between the ages of 18 and 45.

The full text of the article is available in the https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=89318128

Iryna Milevich

AN INTEGRATED APPROACH TO THE CONDUCTING OF TECHNICAL EXAMINATION OF DOCUMENTS

The article describes an integrated approach to addressing issues of technical examination of documents. This article presents practical situations when it is necessary to examine ballpoint pen inks by thin layer chromatography. In such cases, a specialist with the right to independently conduct forensic technical examination of document materials is involved.

A collection of blue-purple ballpoint pen inks was created in the State Forensic Examination Committee of the Republic of Belarus. The composition of the inks has been studied. The results are used in conducting examinations. The article also studies the influences of external damaging factors, such as treating objects with all types of ninhydrin-based agents and light exposure. The study has revealed that light exposure changes physical properties of inks, while the type of dyes can still be determined. Due to this, the obtained results can be evaluated correctly and a conclusion can be made in the process of identifying the writing tools and determining the original content of documents changed by the addendum.

The full text of the article is available in the https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=89318129

Elena Kirilyuk, Maksim Sarokin, Tatiana Ritvinskaya

PROTECTION OF PERSONAL DATA IN DOCUMENTS MADE OF MULTILAYER POLYCARBONATE PLASTIC

The article provides an overview of the elements of personal data protection in documents or on their pages made of multilayer polycarbonate plastic developed and used by foreign countries. The characteristic features of using lenticular technology, radio frequency identification technology used in electronic and biometric documents, transparent window technology in a polycarbonate document or its page, Sealys Edge Sealer document protection technology, Makrofol ID O. V. M Film technology in the production of polycarbonate documents or their pages are investigated and described. A set of technical measures to protect personal data when using multilayer plastic polycarbonate documents is presented. The results of the study make it possible to improve the quality of forensic technical document examination.

The full text of the article is available in the https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=89318130

Gleb Spiridonov

PECULIARITIES OF THE USE OF METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO THE ASSESSMENT OF CHINESE PORCELAIN DURING ART HISTORY EXAMINATION USING THE EXAMPLE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

This article examines the process of determining the value of Chinese porcelain by the forensic services of the Federal Customs Service of the Russian Federation, art galleries, the expert fund-purchasing commission, and the Sotheby’s auction house. It also analyzes the classification of art historian A. Kurmasheva and international valuation standards. A comparison of Chinese porcelain valuation methodologies, in addition to general rules, includes the use of premiums to the base price for the presence of hallmarks, legend, documented history, features that reveal the artist’s signature, originality of concept, complexity of modeling, rarity for the period of its existence and museum collections, increased antique demand, and museum storage. Conclusions are drawn that the market value of Chinese porcelain clearly lies between gallery and auction prices, and the use of value adjustments is recommended to account for these different market
levels.

The full text of the article is available in the https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=89318131

Ivan Shumsky, Andrei Dumski, Igor Duboiski

SPECTROMETRY IN FORENSIC TECHNICAL DOCUMENT EXAMINATION

Methods based on the use of various types of spectrometers are among the most modern, technologically advanced and reliable approaches to studying the properties of objects and comparing them. The article examines the practice of using optical spectrometers, which allow non-destructive testing to obtain objective results on the color characteristics of the object of study, which can positively affect the solution of a number of tasks of forensic technical examination of documents based on the differentiation of coloring substances (establishing a single source of origin, the fact of making changes to the document, etc.). A spectrometer of this type decomposes radiation into spectral components, forming a graph of the dependence of the intensity of the received signal on the wavelength, and calculates the color characteristics of the object. Using practical examples of the study of printed products and handwritten notes, the possibilities of conducting comparative analysis using an optical spectrometer integrated into the Regula 4307 and 4308 video spectral comparators and the Regula 5006 spectral microscope are demonstrated. This tool, in addition to the ability to measure the color characteristics of dyes in the reflected white light mode, allows for research in ultraviolet luminescence and lumen modes, which, along with other methods, can significantly assist forensic experts in solving a wide range of tasks.

The full text of the article is available in the https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=89318132

Sergey Grudinskiy, Olga Shmigelskaya

AN EXAMPLE OF THE NEED FOR A FUNDAMENTAL DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF THE GENESIS OF DEATH IN FORENSIC MEDICINE

The article describes a rare case of a genetic disease, Cornelia de Lange syndrome, the complication of which directly led to the death, as an example of the need for a fundamental differential diagnosis of the genesis of the death – traumatic or pathological. The content of the publication is based on the expert conclusion of the archive of the Minsk-City Directorate of the State Forensic Examination Committee.

The full text of the article is available in the https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=89318133

Aleksey Lutsevich, Andrey Krylov, Yana Novikova, Svetlana Likhachova

BODY INJURIES IN A ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENT. A CASE STUDY ON DETERMINING THE ANTEMORTEM AGE AND AGE OF BODY INJURIES USING IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY

This article examines the modification of body injuries to victims in road traffic accidents due to changes in the design of modern vehicles. The authors reviewed archival data from 2021 to 2023 on the nature of these injuries in pedestrian collisions and injuries inside vehicles. Additionally, it is presented a case study of using immunohistochemical testing as a complement to forensic histological examination.

The full text of the article is available in the https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=89318134