Contents of the issue
Juodkaitė-Granskienė G.
Forensic Examination in the Republic of Lithuania in the Context of Guidelines on the Role of Court-Appointed Experts in Judicial Proceedings
Regulation of forensic examination domain on the national level by European states, including in the Republic of Lithuania, is done with regard to the requirements of general European principles and standards. In the article the author analyses the provisions of Guidelines of the European Commission for the Efficiency of Justice on the role of court-appointed experts in judicial proceedings. Basing on the results of the analysis some problematic issues are noted, general conclusions are made.
The full text of the article is available in the free scientific digital library eLIBRARY.RU https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=30397820
Uspanov Zh. T.
Fundamentals of Management Structure Organization of Law Enforcement Agencies
The author examines the organization of management in law-enforcement agencies. Immediate management objectives are practically consistent with the objectives of the process of managerial work of managers of various organizational links in law enforcement agencies. In general, they are expressed in the effective implementation of technological stages of management processes in the interests of successful performance of performers. On the basis of the analysis of management in law enforcement agencies, the author proposes the definition of the notion of management decisions by leaders.
The full text of the article is available in the free scientific digital library eLIBRARY.RU https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=30397822
Atrashkov V. V., Arsionov R. V.
Nuclear Forensics – a New Direction of Expert Activity in the Republic of Belarus
In recent years particular attention is being paid in the republic to the development of one of the areas of radiation safety – nuclear forensics. In this regard, attention is given to the tasks entrusted to the State Forensic Examination Committee of the Republic of Belarus in responding to radiological accidents and incidents. Stages of theoretical and practical training of employees are illuminated, including with a view of their protection from the reception of dangerous irradiation doses during work in field or laboratory. The international interaction on the issues of increasing the effectiveness of experts in solving expert problems in the area of nuclear forensics is considered.
The full text of the article is available in the free scientific digital library eLIBRARY.RU https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=30397824
Lappo E. A.
The Use of Measuring Tools for the Speed of a Throwing Element in a Forensic Ballistic Examination: the Historical and Legal Aspect
The article deals with the issues related to the birth and development of experimental ballistics, the improvement of the measurement tools used in determining the speed of bullets in a judicial ballistic examination. The author formulates the conclusions about the necessity of observing the requirements of the metrological admissibility of the results obtained as a result of the experimental shooting, which affect the reliability of the expert opinion contained in conclusion.
The full text of the article is available in the free scientific digital library eLIBRARY.RU https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=30397827
Drozd A. N.
To the Issue of the Subject of Crimes Related to the Illicit Trafficking in Narcotic Drugs, Psychotropic Substances, their Precursors or Analogues
The article deals with the subject of crimes related to illicit drug trafficking: the concept and signs of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances, their precursors and analogues. Possible ways of the improvement of assigning substances to analogues of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances are suggested. Certain proposals for improving legislation are made.
The full text of the article is available in the free scientific digital library eLIBRARY.RU https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=30397831
Ostianko Y. I., Evtukhovich E. D., Shevchuk E. S.
Evaluating the Type of Compulsory Treatment for Mentally Ill Criminals in the Context of Psychiatric Forensic Assessment: Modern Ways of Assessment, Difficulties and Future Possibilities
This article is dedicated to nowadays methods of dealing with the problem of compulsory treatment of people who suffer from mental illnesses and committed a crime, after a forensic assessment. It tells us about the meaning of the crime itself in the context of mental disorder and about the principles of its forensic assessment. There is some data about the instruments that are used by forensic specialists overseas to understand the risks of crime repentance, within such people, in the future. This article also explains the essence of the similar instrument which is being developed by the specialists of the Republic of Belarus for further applying in forensics in this country.
The full text of the article is available in the free scientific digital library eLIBRARY.RU https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=30397837
Nikalaichyk I. R., Likhachova S. N.
Fat Embolism Syndrome in Cases of Death Of Patients with Fractures of the Proximal Femur
A retrospective study of medical documents and forensic examinations of the corpses of 282 patients with fractures of the proximal femur, who had died during treatment in Minsk hospitals in 2005-2015, was carried out. We obtained statistically significant results which indicate the need for histochemical studies for fat embolism detection in all cases of deaths of patients with a fracture of the proximal femur. Fat embolism of all severity levels in the group studied was detected in 54.8% and fat embolism of the lungs vessels of medium and severe level and/or of the vessels of systemic circulation was revealed in 26.9% of the cases. There was no statistically significant data on the effect of a surgical fracture treatment on the development of fat embolism in comparison with the group of patients who had had only conservative treatment of the proximal femur fracture.
The full text of the article is available in the free scientific digital library eLIBRARY.RU https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=30397839
Semyonov V. V., Turchynski V. V., Yushchenko O. N.
Death from Dog Bites
This article provides an analysis of a case from expert practice is provided, where a death of an 8-month daughter of dog’s owner occurred. Authors studied cases of non-lethal attacks of dogs in 2014-2016. The data is given on seasons and places of attacks, of gender and age of victims, quantity of cases of turning for medical assistance, morphological characteristics and specific localization of wounds from bites. Expert evaluation of injuries caused by dog bites is given, with focus on their gravity.
The full text of the article is available in the free scientific digital library eLIBRARY.RU https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=30397842
Leonovich S. N., Litvinovskiy D. A.
The Properties of Structural Concrete after the Fire
High-strength concrete (HSC) exposure to high temperature can lead to brittle failure. It is vital to predict and control such type of failure. For this purpose, a fracture-mechanics-based method has been developed and the criteria for estimation of brittleness and fracture toughness of high-strength concrete (HSC) and steel fibered high-strength concrete (SFHSC) have been worked out to prevent brittle failure (spalling) when exposed to high temperature. Experimental multi-parameter estimation of residual strength parameters, stress-strain parameters, loading rate and energy parameters of high-strength concrete exposed to high temperature in the range of +100 to 700°C has been carried out. There have been suggested the criteria for the susceptibility of built-up and used high-strength concrete structures to explosive spalling with due regard to fracture mechanics, i.e. loading and energy parameters when exposed to regular temperature.
The full text of the article is available in the free scientific digital library eLIBRARY.RU https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=30397844
Katorov D. V., Dashko L. V.
Forensic Research of Incendiary Bottles
The article deals with the possibility and specifics of obtaining forensically significant information in the examination of incendiary bottles (Molotov cocktails), their parts and burning flammable mixtures. The objects of examination were incendiary bottles, their fragments and parts of the igniting device, subjected to the exposure of high temperature during the burning of flammable liquids. A comprehensive examination of incendiary bottle included the production of the objects of research; conducting fire tests simulating the use of incendiary bottle in law violating actions; examination of the place of burning, the collecting of evidence and their further research: fingerprint, biological and chemical analysis. There are some bottle fragments not exposed to the fire, which carry traces having forensic significance. In almost all cases, it is possible to determine the direction of throwing of bottles.
It is possible to detect fingerprints and human biological traces suitable for identification on bottles parts after the fire as well as the to determine the initial composition of an incendiary mixture using fluorescence spectroscopy, gas chromatography with flame ionization or mass spectrometry detector. The most informative for forensic examination fragments of the bottles were determined. The influence of various factors on the possibility to detect traces was considered in the article.
The full text of the article is available in the free scientific digital library eLIBRARY.RU https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=30397847
Bulavina E. N.
Forensic Environmental Studies: Problematic Issues
In the article approaches to expert assessment of the quality of a surface water are analyzed. The absence of the uniform, universal criterion in respect of an evaluation of all anthropogenous influences is established. The conclusion is made that it is necessary to develop a flexible multi-alternative system of criteria for assessment of an ecological condition of water ecosystems taking into account their features.
The full text of the article is available in the free scientific digital library eLIBRARY.RU https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=30397850
Andreev A. I., Malkova T. L., Apushkin D. Y., Bulatov I. P., Mashchenko P. S.
Description of the Psychoactive Actions of New Psychoactive Substances – Approaches to Standardization
The article discusses issues related to the provision of methodological unity in the implementation of research into new psychoactive substances in the newly established specialized laboratories. The authors propose a methodical approach to the implementation of integrated operational chemical and pharmacological studies involving chemical, biological, and social topics (its main feature is the use of laboratory animals and the automation of experiments in vivo). Need for the cooperation of scientific and expert community of different countries to accumulate data on new, potentially harmful psychoactive substances, to effectively prevent their illegal trafficking is noted.
The full text of the article is available in the free scientific digital library eLIBRARY.RU https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=30397852
Shustovsky A. S.
Influence of Impersonation on Arbitrariness of Regulation of Under-Aged Unlawful Behavior
In the article impersonation and imitation activities are considered as important situational factors of forming and realization of violent and aggressive dispositions of under-aged lawbreakers. Taking into account the approaches discussed in the scientific literature, circumstances that conduce to partial or full loss of ability to make an independent decision are analyzed. The article points out characteristics of the limited arbitrariness of behavior of those teenagers, who are exposed to suggestive influence from a group.
The full text of the article is available in the free scientific digital library eLIBRARY.RU https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=30397855
